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Whereas in figure #2, the output of this IC is not enough to drive a relay directly therefore a 2N3904 transistor is used.

The working of this circuit is simple on pressing the push button S1 it sends an input signal to the operational amplifier IC LM741, and it sends the signal to the LED. the difference between both the circuits is of the output, in figure 1 the LED will glow for a specific time period on pressing the push button S1 and in figure 2 the relay will be activated by when push button S1 is pressed. The Op-amp has Voltage Comparator inside, one of which is inverted, and the feedback signal is non-inverted.The operating voltage of both the circuits is 9 to 12 volts DC. Op-amp is a very critical feature of electronics that are used for different purposes in many electronic circuits. Applications and UsesĬircuit Op-amp IC Tester. So if Op-amp works, LED is flashed at a regular interval, and if the op-amp is defective, then the LED keeps either ON or OFF. This phase frequently repeats and creates a sine wave at the output, leading to LED flickering. And when the output is smaller, the capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the comparator’s invert terminal is reduced, and the level is high.

However, when C1 charging tries to reach the voltage at the inverted terminal (PIN 2), the output is low, and the capacitor C1 starts charging through the resistor R6. This is the most critical aspect of the circuit.

When the process lights up, the non-inverting input (+) voltage is first increased from the voltage at inverting input (-), and the output of the op-amp Lm741 (PIN 6) is stronger. If the op-amp LM741 is in a particular order, LEDs will flash or glow, but if the op-amp LM741 is inaccurate, either LED will stay ON or OFF perpetually.Ĭircuit operation is simple and induces a sine Wave at the outlet if the op-amp performs in a Flickering LED state.